Maximal admissible mode decision delay in terminal guidance

Mode decision-maker is a critical component in the logic-based Integrated Estimation and Guidance(IEG) system. For the best possible estimation and guidance performance, the mode decision delay of the mode decision-maker should be limited to a range as small as possible. This paper presents a numerical method for computing the maximal admissible mode decision delay that varies with time-to-go. Particular attention has been paid to highly maneuvering target interception in terminal guidance. The results of this research offer useful guidelines for the design of the mode decision-maker in IEG systems.     

A comprehensive survey on the methods of angle of attack measurement and estimation in UAVs

Angle of Attack (AOA) is a crucial parameter which directly affects the aerodynamic forces of an aircraft. The measurement of AOA is required to ensure a safe flight within its designed flight envelop. This paper intends to summarise a comprehensive survey on the measurement techniques and estimation methods for AOA, specifically in Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) applications. In the case of UAVs, weight constraint plays a major role as far as sensor suites are concerned. This results in selecting a suitable estimation method to extract AOA using the available data from the autopilot. The most feasible and widely employed AOA measurement technique is by using the Multi-Hole Probes (MHPs). The MHP measures the AOA regarding the pressure variations between the ports. Due to the importance of MHP in AOA measurement, the calibration methods for the MHP are also included in this paper. This paper discusses the AOA measurement using virtual AOA sensors, their importance and the operation.     

Which way is the bookstore? A closer look at the judgments of relative directions task

We present a detailed analysis of a widely used assay in human spatial cognition, the judgments of relative direction (JRD) task. We conducted three experiments involving virtual navigation interspersed with the JRD task, and included confidence judgments and map drawing as additional metrics. We also present a technique for assessing the similarity of the cognitive representations underlying performance on the JRD and map-drawing tasks. Our results support the construct validity of the JRD task and its connection to allocentric representation. Additionally, we found that chance performance on the JRD task depends on the distribution of the angles of participants’ responses, rather than being constant and 90 degrees. Accordingly, we present a method for better determining chance performance.     

The adjusted optical properties for Galileo/BeiDou-2/QZS-1 satellites and initial results on BeiDou-3e and QZS-2 satellites

Solar Radiation Pressure (SRP) is the dominant non-gravitational perturbation for GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) satellites. In the absence of precise surface models, the Empirical CODE Orbit Models (ECOM, ECOM2) are widely used in GNSS satellite orbit determination. Based on previous studies, the use of an a priori box-wing model enhances the ECOM model, especially if the spacecraft is a stretched body satellite. However, so far not all the GNSS system providers have published their metadata. To ensure a precise use of the a priori box-wing model, we estimate the optical parameters of all the Galileo, BeiDou-2, and QZS-1 (Quasi Zenith Satellite System) satellites based on the physical processes from SRP to acceleration. Validation using orbit prediction proves that the adjusted parameters of Galileo and QZS-1 satellites exhibit almost the same performance as the corresponding published and “best guess” values. Whereas, the estimated parameters of BeiDou-2 satellites demonstrate an improvement of more than 60% over the initial “guess” values. The resulting optical parameters of all the satellites are introduced into an a priori box-wing model, which is jointly used with ECOM and ECOM2 model in the orbit determination. Results show that the pure ECOM2 model exhibits better performance than the pure ECOM model for Galileo, BeiDou-2 GEO and QZS-1 orbits. Combined with the a priori box-wing model the ECOM model (ECOM+BW) results in the best Galileo, BeiDou-2 GEO and QZS-1 orbits. The standard deviation (STD) of satellite laser ranging residuals reduce by about 20% and 5% with respect to the pure ECOM2 model for Galileo and BeiDou-2 GEO orbits, while the reductions are about 40% and 60% for QZS-1 orbits in yaw-steering and orbit-normal mode respectively. BeiDou-2 IGSO and MEO satellite orbits do not benefit much from the a priori box-wing model. In summary, we suggest setting up a unified SRP model of ECOM+BW for Galileo, QZS-1, and BeiDou-2 orbits based on the adjusted metadata. In addition, we estimate the optical parameters of BeiDou-3e and QZS-2 satellites using a limited number of tracking stations. Results regarding the unified SRP model indicate the same advantages, the STD of satellite laser ranging residuals reduces by about 30% and 20% for QZS-2 and BeiDou-3e orbits respectively over orbit products without a priori model. The estimation procedure is effective and easy to apply to the new emerging satellites in the future.     

基于PTE的多雷达航迹融合算法

针对杂波背景下的多雷达航迹融合时局部估计误差互协方差矩阵未知的问题，提出基于目标存在概率（PTE）的航迹融合算法，提升了正确航迹率和跟踪精度。首先，通过综合概率数据关联得到单接收站的目标航迹估计集合和对应的目标存在概率。然后，在局部估计误差互协方差矩阵未知的条件下，基于PTE信息提出不带记忆的综合广义凸组合航迹融合算法。进而将前一帧的融合状态进行反馈，提出带记忆的综合广义凸组合航迹融合算法。仿真验证了所提算法的有效性。     

Comparison of observed ionospheric vertical TEC over the sea in Indian region with IRI-2016 model

The vertical ionospheric TEC values obtained from GAGAN grid based ionospheric delay correction values over the sea in the Indian equatorial region have been compared with the corresponding values derived from the International Reference Ionosphere model, IRI-2016. The objective of this work is to study the deviation of the vertical TEC derived from the IRI model from ground truths over the sea for different conditions. This will serve the basic intention of assessing the candidature of the IRI model as an alternative ionospheric correction model in navigation receivers in terms of accuracy. We have chosen different solar activity periods, seasons, geomagnetic conditions, locations etc. for our comparison and analysis. The TEC values by the IRI-2016 were compared with the actual measured values for the given conditions and errors were obtained. The measured vertical TEC values at the ionospheric grid points were derived from the GAGAN broadcast ionospheric delay data and used as reference. The IRI model with standard internal functions was used in estimating the TEC at the same ionospheric grid points. The errors in the model derived values are statistically analysed. Broadly, the results show that, for the Indian sector over the sea, the IRI model performs better on quiet days in off equatorial regions, particularly in the northern region. The overall performance degrades for other conditions with the model generally underestimating the true TEC values and most severely in the equatorial region. The performance is worst in this region for the disturbed days of the equinoctial period. The comparison study is also done with the TEC data measured directly by dual frequency GPS receivers. The results were found to be in general agreement with those obtained by comparing the model with GAGAN broadcast data as reference. This study will be useful in considering the IRI-2016 model for real time estimates of TEC as an alternative to the current parametric model in a satellite navigation receiver in absence of other options.     

基于CMPSO算法的永磁同步电机转动惯量识别研究

永磁同步电机(PMSM)是一种具有很强非线性的动态系统,在工业驱动应用中发挥着重要作用。实时辨识转动惯量对于高精度PMSM系统控制和稳定性状态监测具有重要意义,但传统转动惯量识别方法精度较低。在传统离散模型参考自适应理论基础之上,用柯西变异粒子群优化(CMPSO)算法代替待辨识参数自适律设计环节,以实现PMSM转动惯量识别。该转动惯量辨识方法充分利用了CMPSO算法的快速高效收敛性,仿真结果和试验结果表明了可行性、正确性和准确性。     

基于数字孪生的智能脉动管控

为提升飞机总装脉动生产线智能化水平,开展了基于数字孪生的智能脉动管控研究。基于数字孪生五维模型理论构建了飞机总装脉动生产线数字孪生应用架构,从反应式计划调度、物流精准配送、智能作业指导、产线健康监视、资源迭代优化配置5个方面开展了技术研究,为复杂产品装配的智能制造应用提供参考。     

螺旋桨滑流对发动机进气道气动性能的影响

针对螺旋桨/短舱/进气道一体化构型,采用多重参考系(MRF)法和滑移网格非定常法进行了数值模拟研究,实现了螺旋桨/短舱/进气道一体化内外流耦合流场仿真,研究了不同工况下螺旋桨滑流对进气道气动性能的影响,并与无桨构型的进气道性能进行了对比,最后通过数值分析解释了螺旋桨桨盘后总压上升的原因。结果表明:多重参考系法和滑移网格非定常法对进气道出口的时均参数的计算结果吻合较好,多重参考系法可用于螺旋桨及进气道的气动性能参数计算;螺旋桨做功使进气道总压恢复系数增高,螺旋桨转速越大,总压恢复系数的增量就越大,且螺旋桨滑流使进气道出口畸变指数明显增大;通过数值分析推导的桨盘前后总压关系公式与仿真结果的误差均在3%以内。      

新型柔索式杆束结构压紧释放装置

针对空间机械臂、空间可展开天线等空间机构在收拢状态的杆束结构压紧与释放问题，提出一种基于柔性索捆绑压紧与热刀释放的新型压紧释放装置。建立了柔索式压紧释放装置锁紧状态的力学模型，分析了静态压紧和考虑惯性载荷情况下的绳索预紧力变化情况，得到了满足可靠压紧的绳索预紧力设计值。基于质量和刚度等效，设计了机械臂杆束结构力学等效件，并进行了正弦与随机振动力学试验。试验结果验证了所设计的柔索式杆束结构压紧释放装置的可行性，并可以推广到具有复杂包络的杆束结构压紧释放中。